How can clearances be adjusted in a tapered roller bearing that has the cone mounted prior to the cup?

In a tapered roller bearing, clearances can be adjusted by using shims. Shims are thin pieces of material that can be added or removed to achieve the desired spacing between the components of the bearing assembly. By properly inserting shims between the bearing cup and the housing or between the cone and the shaft, precise adjustments can be made to control the axial clearance and ensure that the roller bearings are operating within their specified tolerances. This adjustment is crucial for maintaining optimal load distribution, reducing wear, and enhancing the overall lifespan of the bearing.

The technique of shim adjustment allows for fine-tuning of the bearing preload and can compensate for any manufacturing tolerances or wear that may occur over time. This is particularly important in applications where axial loads are significant and any misalignment could lead to premature failure or reduced performance of the bearing.

In contrast, other methods mentioned do not provide a reliable means of adjusting the clearance in tapered roller bearings. Adjustments using screws may not be applicable due to the design and assembly of tapered bearings. Lubrication is essential for operation but does not affect physical clearances directly. Using a hammer could potentially damage the bearing and compromise its performance, leading to misalignment and increased wear.